Graduating is worthwhile, internships and experiences abroad increase the chances of finding work. The busiest computer scientists, engineers and economists

Graduates promote universities: this is essentially the result of the XXIV Almalaurea Report on the Profile and Employment Condition of Graduates. A survey conducted on a double track aimed at detecting not only the employment percentages of graduates, but also their characteristics.

Thus the 2022 Graduate Profile Report involves 77 universitiesof the 80 members of AlmaLaurea this month, and is based on a survey involving around 300,000 graduates in 2021. The 2022 Report on the Employment Condition of Graduates, on the other hand, concerned the analysis of 76 universities, of the 80 members of AlmaLaurea in June 2022is based on a survey involving 660,000 graduates and analyzes the results achieved in the labor markets by graduates in 2020, 2018 and 2016, contacted respectively one, three and five years after graduation.

In general, there was a positive evaluation of the university experience. 88.8% of graduates say they are satisfied with the relationship undertaken with teachers and 72.9% would make the same choice of course and faculty. From the employment point of view, there was an improvement in terms of employment one year after the title: + 2.9% compared to 2019 for second level graduates and + 0.4% for first level graduates. Also with regard to the salary aspect, positive results were recorded: + 9.1%, compared to 2019, for first level graduates and + 7.7% for second level graduates. However, the job market is experiencing some instability with these graduates the increase in fixed-term contracts.

Graduates promote the university path: 90% are satisfied

Over the years, the approval of graduates for the studies carried out it has gradually become higher and higher. In general, 90.5% of graduates say they are overall satisfied with the university experience that has just ended: eleven years ago, in 2011, the approval rating was 87.1%. Specifically, 88.8% of graduates are overall satisfied with the relationship with the teaching staff; 80.9% of graduates who have used it consider the classrooms to be adequate and 72.9% of graduates would choose the same course and faculty again.

Bachelors away from home: 39% graduates outside their home region

It should be noted that more than 1 in 3 students graduates outside their region of residence. A figure found above all among two-year master’s graduates: 38.9% graduated from a province different from and not adjacent to that of obtaining the secondary school diploma. Migrations are almost always from the South to the Center-North. 28.0% of young people in the South decides to graduate from universities in the Center and the North (16.1% in the North and 11.9% in the Center).

Those who choose the master’s degree have at least one parent with a university degree: so for 43.5%

The family of origin also weighs on the choices of graduates. In fact, 30.9% of graduates with at least one parent holding a university degree (in 2011 they were 26.9%). It is therefore no coincidence that graduates come from families with higher levels of education have more frequently chosen single-cycle master’s degree courses (43.5% have at least one parent with a degree) compared to graduates who opted for a “3 + 2” path.

Experiences make a difference

Due to the pandemic, study abroad experiences in 2021 involved only 8% of graduates, going to weigh on the cultural background of the students. In fact, 90.2% of graduates who have had a study experience abroad declare that they know at least one foreign language written at a level equal to or higher than B2. While only 59.3% of those who have not had this experience can boast the same level of language.

One and five years after graduation, employment and salary increase: graduating pays off

We come to the employment aspect. Last year the employment rate among graduates it was 74.5% for both first and second level graduates. Compared to 2019, therefore, there is a + 2.9% for second level graduates and a more timid increase (+0.45) for first level graduates. THE2020 was instead excluded from the statistics because it causes a health emergency, is an exception. On the contractual side, compared to 2021, the most widespread form is the fixed-term contract for 40% of employees. Compared to 2019 therefore there was an increase of + 2.6% for first level graduates and + 4.9% for second level graduates.

As for the net monthly salary, one year after the title, in 2021 it was equal to € 1,340 for first level graduates and € 1,407 for second level graduates. Also in this field we are witnessing a considerable percentage increase: + 9.1% for first level graduates and + 7.7% for second level graduates. But the most satisfactory data lies in the perceptions of graduates: over 60% consider the degree as “very effective or effective” to carry out their work.

Even five years after graduation, the employment rate confirms a positive trend. In 2021 it was 89.6% for first level graduates and 88.5% for second level graduates. In 2021, five years after the title, the most widespread form of contract is the permanent contract, which involves over 50% of the employed (65.5% among first level graduates and 55.8% among second level graduates ). As for the other contractual forms, self-employment is 9.4% among first level graduates and 19.8% among second level graduates. From a salary point of view, the net monthly payment, five years after the qualification, is equal to € 1,554 for first level graduates and € 1,635 for second level graduates, with an increase compared to 2019 of + 8.3% and + 7.3% respectively.

What degrees do you find work for? IT and Engineering among the best

It is also interesting to understand which are the faculties that offer the greatest job opportunities. Among the 2016 two-year master’s graduates, interviewed in 2021 five years after the title, there are strong differences between the various disciplinary groups. The employment rate is in fact higher than 90% for graduates of the groups in information technology and ICT technologies, industrial engineering and information, architecture and civil engineering and those of the economic group. While the employment rate for graduates from education and training groups, art and design and literary-humanistic is below 83.0%.

A similar discourse also involves single-cycle master’s graduates, five years from the title. Also here there are strong differences in the disciplinary field. Suffice it to say that for the medical and pharmaceutical group the employment rate is 92.9%, while the employment rate for graduates of the legal group is below average: approximately 81.2%.

Finally, as regards the monetary aspect, the highest salaries are recorded among two-year master’s degrees in industrial and information engineering and information technology and ICT technologies, respectively equal to 1,893 and 1,851 euros per month net. While the graduates of the education and training groups, psychological and literary-humanistic achieve a monthly salary of under 1,400 euros. Finally, for the single-cycle master’s, the highest salaries are found among graduates of the medical group and pharmaceuticals whose salary can reach up to 1,898 euros.

The mistrust of graduates towards the system

Among the questions that graduates were asked, part concerned the confidence they have in certain spheres of society that contribute to improving the employment situation. This specific part of the survey was conducted on a sample of 1,000 graduatesfirst and second level, one year after the title. Specifically, they were asked to indicate – on a scale of 1 to 10 – the trust they place in the role that the institutions of society play in the perspective of improving employment.

Government, Parliament, parties, but also universities, family, social relations. Graduates expressed high levels of confidence (grade greater than or equal to 8 out of 10) in technology (70.9% for first level graduates and 69.6% for second level graduates)in the network of social relationships (67.2% and 67.8%) and in the family (67.2% and 67.0%). The digital transition is more well received than the ecological one (61.7% for first level graduates and 60.5% for second level graduates), also given the willingness of world governments to deal with the issue in the short term. As regards universities, on the other hand, a trust equal to 50% was registered for first level graduates and equal to 48% for second level graduates.